In the RC modeling sector, there are two main types of batteries used to power radio-controlled electric vehicles: NiMH (Nickel-Metal Hydride) batteries and LiPo (Lithium Polymer, or more accurately Lithium-Ion Polymer) batteries. Although most modelers will eventually switch to LiPo after getting used to running their RC vehicle on a NiMH battery, it is important to understand the differences between these two batteries in order to make the right choice.
What are the characteristics of each battery?
NiMH batteries have a longer life
NiMH batteries can perform a thousand or more cycles before becoming obsolete, making them an excellent choice if you are on a limited budget and cannot afford to replace your batteries often. LiPo batteries, on the other hand, last on average between 100 and 200 cycles. You will therefore likely need to replace them more frequently. Even though LiPos have clear advantages in terms of efficiency and power, you should be aware that this type of battery will not last forever.
LiPos are more efficient
NiMH batteries can be compared to conventional light bulbs: much of their energy is wasted as heat when you run your car. LiPos are more like LED bulbs, which generate little heat and retain all their energy. LiPos are the clear winners in this area: their chemistry allows them to run about 33% longer than NiMH batteries, and they are often available with higher capacities than NiMH batteries of the same size. LiPos are also lighter than their NiMH counterparts, which also increases their efficiency factor.
LiPo batteries perform better
NiMH batteries are known to perform less well than LiPo batteries. In addition, the discharge curve of a NiMH battery resembles a gentle slope, and halfway through, you will notice that your car is not as fast as it was at the start. This is not the case with LiPos, which maintain a fairly constant voltage throughout the run until they are depleted, meaning smoother and faster runs.
NiMHs are easier to maintain
With a few exceptions, NiMH batteries are quite difficult to damage. You can run them repeatedly, making them perfect for beginners and children. LiPo batteries are much more sensitive and require special care beyond simple charging to stay healthy. LiPos also pose a greater fire risk than NiMH batteries, although the risks are reduced with modern chargers.
The advantages of each type of battery
The advantages of a NiMH battery
- Safe
- Reliable
- Easier to use
- Less expensive to manufacture
- Easy to charge
- Does not require a complex charger
- Common in household appliances
Nimh batteries are the ideal choice for beginners who prioritize ease of use over performance, for those who are not used to handling Lipo batteries or children who need a power supply system that is relatively safe.
The advantages of a Lipo battery
- High energy density
- Lighter
- More powerful
- Superior energy quality and quantity
- Constant power throughout its entire service life
- Can be built in different sizes
A LiPo battery with the same capacity as a NiMH battery provides longer driving time and better performance, but they are more expensive and more difficult to maintain. If you choose this type of battery, we recommend that you read this guide.
Warning: There is a risk of explosion or fire if LiPo batteries are used incorrectly. To extend their life, they must be stored with a minimum charge level of 3 volts per cell. They require the use of a suitable charger.
